This book is an attempt to explore the relationship between children and their urban environment. It asks whether it is true, as very many believe it to be true, that something has been lost in this relationship, and it speculates about the ways in which the link between city and child can be made more fruitful and enjoyable for both the child and the city.
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The lack of social assurance certainly does amount to a social disability for many city children. Some children steal, not because they have no access to the purchase money, but because they find it a less arduous transaction than the verbal encounter with the seller. They move like strangers through their own city, so that one is forced to admire those cheerful rogues who know every inch of it backwards and get involved in much more serious and sophisticated offences, just because they have absorbed the structure and functions of the city.
The poor child, who is usually the most isolated from the life of the city as a city, is also, paradoxically, the child who is denied the solace of solitude. He is seldom alone; he is the child who is least likely to have a bedroom or a bed to himself. In many of the cities of the world, the very concept of privacy for the child is meaningless. What sense does it make in Hong Kong or Manila to speak of the childs right to privacy? We may suggest that people dont miss what they have never experienced, and there is evidence that different cultures have different concepts of personal space, though even the poorest of cities, one of the things that wealth buys is privacy. Gaston Bachelard pitied those children, who lacking a room of their own to go and cry in, had to sulk in the corner of the living room, though the boys interviewed by Florence Ladd, because their bedrooms were shared, mentioned the living room or sitting room as a place where one might be alone.
As juvenile unemployment grows, the flight, not only of the young who have left school, but of those who simple abandon school, home and parents, because these seem no longer relevant to their needs, set out for the big glowing city, like moths fluttering towards the light. In the late nineteen-sixties they came from the stricken cities of Northern Ireland, from Scotland and the North East. By the mid-1970s they were coming from a much wider and more dispersed series of home towns. What jobs are open to the school-leavers of Herefordshire, for example, in the summers of the late seventies? In the hinterland of other world cities, the same juvenile migration is far more obvious.
Well interpreting the seriousness of such shares, the municipality of Turin, among others, has been promoting, in the past years, a virtuous cooperation between educational institutions and the city, understanding the over 200 schoolyards of the city also as physical resources able to provide for the lack of children-friendly urban public spaces. After a participatory process involving a number of children, many schoolyards have been transformed into more pleasant and activity-conducive environments and, even most importantly, they have been open to the city also during extra-school hours.
As anticipated, so far in Italy a very few interventions have been tested, as well as very few researches have been carried out addressing the complex child-city dichotomy. Between 2015 and 2017, a specific research has been developed in the city of Cassino (Lazio Region), based on a walk-to-school intervention known as Pedibus. This work grounded on the hypothesis that the activation and the implementation of a walk-to-school program, together with training activities for teachers and aware-raising interventions targeting parents, could positively influence children's active mobility and lifestyles (Arduini, 2018).
Eric Tedrow appeals from the decree dissolving his marriage to Kelly Tedrow. He argues the district court erred in granting Kelly physical care of their child. OPINION HOLDS: Following our de novo review, we conclude physical care was properly awarded to Kelly. So we affirm the district court. But we decline to award Kelly appellate attorney fees.
Rogelio Minjares Simental appeals the denial of his petition to modify the child custody provisions of the decree dissolving his marriage to Maria Socorro Minjares. OPINION HOLDS: Because there has not been a substantial change in circumstances that was not within the contemplation of the court when it entered the dissolution decree, we affirm the denial of the petition to modify. We award Maria her appellate attorney fees.
Michael Olson appeals the district court order requiring him to pay temporary child support, spousal support, and attorney fees to Erika Olson. OPINION HOLDS: We find the district court order for support was equitable and the court did not abuse its discretion in ordering temporary attorney fees. We award appellate attorney fees to Erika.
Megan Coulter appeals a district court decree awarding Stephen Schoonover physical care of their child. OPINION HOLDS: On this record, we conclude Coulter should have been granted physical care, and we modify the physical-care determination to place physical care of the child with her. DISSENT ASSERTS: Based on the extremely limited trial record and ignoring the non-record facts asserted by Coulter in her brief on appeal, I would affirm.
Thaddeus (T.J.) Zimmerman appeals the physical care provisions of the decree dissolving his marriage to Jamie Zimmerman. OPINION HOLDS: We decline to modify the physical care arrangement or award T.J. additional visitation. Because T.J. seeks a modification of the child support award only if we modify the physical care arrangement, we need not address this issue. We affirm the dissolution decree in its entirety.
Matthew Timmons appeals the denial of his petition to modify the child- and spousal-support provisions of a dissolution-of-marriage decree and the award of attorney fees to Kari Timmons. OPINION HOLDS: We affirm without opinion pursuant to Iowa Rule of Appellate Procedure 6.1203(a). We remand the matter to the district court to determine the reasonable amount of appellate attorney fees to be paid by Matthew to Kari and to enter judgment against Matthew and in favor of Kari in that amount. 2ff7e9595c
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